Color Fastness
Colour fastness is the resistance of a material to change in any of its colour characteristics, including the transfer of its colourants to adjacent materials;
Fading means the colour changes and lightens;
Bleeding is the transfer of one colour to another material. This is often expressed as soiling or staining.
Color fastness to washing
The color fastness to washing was determined according to the method ISO 105-C02 (1989). Evaluation of the wash fastness was established using the Grey-scale for color change.
Color fastness to Rubbing
Color fastness to rubbing was determined according to the test method ISO 105-X12 (1987). The test is designed for determining the degree of color, which may transfer from the surface of the colored fabric to other surface, by rubbing.
Dry crocking test: The test specimen was placed flat on the base of the crock-meter. A white testing cloth was mounted. The covered finger was lowered on to the test specimen and caused to slide back and forth 20 times by making ten complete turns at a rate of one turn /sec. The white test sample was then removed for evaluation using the Grey-scale for staining.
Wet crocking test: The white test sample was thoroughly wetted out in water to a 65% and then picked up. The procedure was run as before. The white test samples were air dried before evaluation.
Color fastness to Perspiration:
Two artificial perspiration solutions acidic and alkaline solutions were prepared according to test method ISO 105-E04 (1989). The effect on the colour of the test specimen was expressed and defined by reference to Grey-scale for colour change.
Color fastness to light
The light fastness test was carried out in accordance with test method ISO 105-B02 (1988). Using carbon arc lamp continuous light, for 35 hours. The effect on the color of the test samples was expressed and defined by reference to Blue-scale for color change.
Color fastness to sublimation:
Sublimation fastness of disperse dyes in usually tested at for staining and shade change tested at 150oC, 180oC and 210oC
